Optimization of Micro Multi-Carrier Energy Hub Operation Under Uncertain Predictions

Finding an optimal schedule(s) for the buildings’energy equipment cluster is vital to realize sustainabledevelopment and energy-saving goals. However, high-impactuncertainties pose critical challenges in this regard. To relaxthese challenges, this paper develops an optimization model foroperating the buildings’ energy equipment cluster underuncertain predictions whose principal elements are the energyhub (EH) concept and the two-point estimate (TPE) method.The EH concept is used to find levels of the degree of freedomfor optimization by modeling efficiently how multi-carrierenergy resources and demands can be connected through thiscluster of converters, conditioners, storage, and others. The TPEmethod is, however, used to improve the reliability androbustness of the model’s predictions, leading to better decisionmakingunder uncertainty. The TPE method integrates highimpactuncertainties related to multi-carrier energy prices anddemands and the production capacity of renewable energyresources in optimization. The proposed optimization model hasbeen applied to an industrial building, and its sufficiency andprofitableness are examined in different scenarios

SOCIAL STATUS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS

The aim of this study was to investigate the social status of physical education teachers in Hamedan province, Iran. Data gathering done by means of a researcher made questionnaire. After approving the validity by experts, the reliability approved by 11 professors through Chronbakh alpha equal to 0.87. Research society was all physical education teacher of Hamedan province consist of 800 people. The sample was estimated using Morgan table and the total number of 235 questionnaires returned and analyzed. After detecting the normal distribution of data using kolmogorov-smirnov test, independent t test and one way ANOVA were applied to test the hypothesis. A significant difference found among the mean of job interest and economic factor in samples compare to the society. In other words, teacher’s interest was higher than the average and also, the economic factors are not the main reason to choose their job. Also, significant difference found between the mean of social status of chosen jobs in sample compare to the mean of society. it means that based on respondents ideas, the social status of jobs such as seller, barber, waiter and taxi driver is lower than physical education teacher and this status is higher for physician, employee and non- physical education teacher. Totally, no matter the social status of other jobs, the credibility and status of the job of physical education teachers recognized high by respondents

Effects of Fasting on Glucagon-like peptide-1 hormone (GLP-1), and Lipid Profile Indices in Obese and Thin Women

Introduction: Glucagon-like peptide-1 hormone (GLP-1) contributes to the regulation of insulin and glucose concentration. However, the effects of fasting on GLP-1 response in different people has not been determined yet. The aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of fasting on GLP-1 and the lipid profile of obese and thin women.Materials and methods: In this research, 25 obese and thin women whose age ranged from 35 to 45 years were selected through a convenient sampling method and were divided into two groups of obese (n=12, body mass index ˃30 kg/m2) and thin (n=13, body mass index=18-20 kg/m2). GLP-1 in both groups was measured in four phases: 3 days before the beginning of Ramadan, 14 days after the beginning of Ramadan, 28 days after the beginning of Ramadan and 2 weeks after the end of Ramadan. Repeated –measure ANOVA was used to statistically analyse the data. Results: GLP-1 was reduced from phase 1 to 3 of the research. However, it was increased after Ramadan. In the thin group, GLP-1 was increased in 14 days of fasting, but did not show any change at the end of Ramadan, and also two weeks after this month. However, none of these changes were statistically significant. The two groups did not diverge from each other significantly in any of the phases.Conclusion: The present findings showed that fasting has no significant effect on the GLP-1 and lipid profile indices of the obese and thin women

Development and analysis of the Soil Water Infiltration Global database

In this paper, we present and analyze a novel global database of soil infiltration measurements, the Soil Water Infiltration Global (SWIG) database. In total, 5023 infiltration curves were collected across all continents in the SWIG database. These data were either provided and quality checked by the scientists who performed the experiments or they were digitized from published articles. Data from 54 different countries were included in the database with major contributions from Iran, China, and the USA. In addition to its extensive geographical coverage, the collected infiltration curves cover research from 1976 to late 2017. Basic information on measurement location and method, soil properties, and land use was gathered along with the infiltration data, making the database valuable for the development of pedotransfer functions (PTFs) for estimating soil hydraulic properties, for the evaluation of infiltration measurement methods, and for developing and validating infiltration models. Soil textural information (clay, silt, and sand content) is available for 3842 out of 5023 infiltration measurements ( ∼ 76%) covering nearly all soil USDA textural classes except for the sandy clay and silt classes. Information on land use is available for 76% of the experimental sites with agricultural land use as the dominant type ( ∼ 40%). We are convinced that the SWIG database will allow for a better parameterization of the infiltration process in land surface models and for testing infiltration models. All collected data and related soil characteristics are provided online in *.xlsx and *.csv formats for reference, and we add a disclaimer that the database is for public domain use only and can be copied freely by referencing it. Supplementary data are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.885492 (Rahmati et al., 2018). Data quality assessment is strongly advised prior to any use of this database. Finally, we would like to encourage scientists to extend and update the SWIG database by uploading new data to it

Optimization of Micro Multi-Carrier Energy Hub Operation Under Uncertain Predictions

Finding an optimal schedule(s) for the buildings' energy equipment cluster is vital to realize sustainable development and energy-saving goals. However, high-impact uncertainties pose critical challenges in this regard. To relax these challenges, this paper develops an optimization model for operating the buildings' energy equipment cluster under uncertain predictions whose principal elements are the energy hub (EH) concept and the two-point estimate (TPE) method. The EH concept is used to find levels of the degree of freedom for optimization by modeling efficiently how multi-carrier energy resources and demands can be connected through this cluster of converters, conditioners, storage, and others. The TPE method is, however, used to improve the reliability and robustness of the model's predictions, leading to better decision-making under uncertainty. The TPE method integrates high-impact uncertainties related to multi-carrier energy prices and demands and the production capacity of renewable energy resources in optimization. The proposed optimization model has been applied to an industrial building, and its sufficiency and profitableness are examined in different scenarios

The relationship between emotional intelligence with administrators’ performance at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences

Background: The leadership of an organization requires specific features to adapt to changes and to survive and grow in new environments, and emotional intelligence is one of the most important attributes that can help leaders and managers respond to these changes. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence with administrators' performance at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 basic and middle managers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran who were selected by census method in 2016. The instrument of data collecting was the "Inventory Shrinkage", and the "Organizational performance evaluation forms". The data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 using descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation. Results: The results showed there was a significant negative correlation between emotional intelligence and organizational performance in administrators (r=-0.214, p=0.032). The findings also showed that among the components of emotional intelligence and administrators’ performance, only components of empathy, was there a significant negative correlation (r=-0.199, p=0.047). Also, there was no statistically significant relationship between emotional intelligence and demographic variables such as work experience, age, marital status and education level (p>0.05). There was no significant relationship between organizational performance and demographic variables, either (p>0.05). But between the components of emotional intelligence, only for social skills and work place of administrators, a significant positive correlation was confirmed (r=0.203, p=0.043). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that there was a negative and significant correlation between the components of emotional intelligence and administrators’ performance of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences administrators, only in the empathy component

The Effect of Social Skills Training on Decreasing the Aggression of Pre-school Children

Objective: Social skills training (SST) aims to increase the ability to perform key social behaviors that are important in achieving success in social situations. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of social skills intervention for aggressive pre-school children. Method: The sample consisted of 25 children (13 for the experimental group, 12 for the control group). Children in intervention and Control groups were assessed by parent ratings, teacher ratings at-home and kindergarten. Assessments were made at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and three-month follow-ups. The assessment battery consisted of the social skills rating system-teacher form, teacher-rated aggression, and intelligence test. These skills were carried out in 11 sessions and on two stages and were taught twice a week. Results: Significant results emerged with respect to aggression and social skill levels. With respect to parent ratings, aggressive behaviors decreased more so in the treatment group than the control group. In addition, social skills significantly increased between post-treatment and follow-ups in the treatment group compare to the control group. In other words, teacher ratings of social behavior showed improvement over time. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that aggression would decrease in the treatment group largely over time than the control group. Several directions for future research are discussed, including the addition of more sessions to the curriculum, a parent-involvement component, and a contingency management program. It would also be helpful to evaluate SST in a larger number of pre-school centers and to extend follow-up assessments beyond three months periods

A review of neighborhood level multi-carrier energy hubs—uncertainty and problem-solving process

The energy hub (EH) is a promising concept that can accurately evaluate the performance of multi-carrier integrated energy systems (IESs), ranging from a building to a district, city, region, country, or even an international level. Multi-carrier EH-based IESs available in the literature have reached a desirable level of maturity for broad scales. However, there is confusion in the literature that misleads readers regarding multi-carrier EH-based IESs located on limited scales (e.g., buildings or neighborhood level). Furthermore, multi-carrier EH-based IESs studies that involve complexities such as discrete, continuous, or mixed decision-making variables, multiple conflicting objective functions, non-linearity, non-convexity, and discontinuity are affected by different techno-economic, environmental, and social parameters that are uncertain. Ignoring such uncertain input parameters (UIPs) in these studies leads to less adaptable results to realistic conditions. However, their integration is a challenging process intensifying these complexities during studies' modeling, optimization, and decision-making processes. Therefore, this review paper aims to fill these gaps by identifying, classifying, assessing, and prioritizing different UIPs, their analyzing techniques, and solution approaches, solvers, and software for addressing relevant optimization problems to achieve a deeper understanding of current challenges and potential future research, trend, and capacities in multi-carrier EH-based IESs studies

Sustainable, green, or smart? Pathways for energy-efficient healthcare buildings

Buildings’ energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions are a major global concern. Healthcare buildings, being crucial to society, pose particular challenges due to their round-the-clock operation and stringent hygiene standards. This paper comprehensively reviews existing literature to promote energy-efficient and comfortable healthcare buildings. The research explores both passive measures, such as orientation, materials, and daylight, and active measures, including Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning systems, energy management, and renewable resources. The paper emphasizes the critical role of user behavior in conserving energy and outlines how factors like building size, operation hours, and climate can impact resource consumption. It highlights the importance of solar power as a prominent renewable energy source. It offers design and retrofitting options to enhance healthcare buildings and addresses the lack of research on small-scale healthcare buildings. The paper emphasizes maintaining a balance between user comfort and energy reduction, involving diverse stakeholders, and exploring benchmarks, automated shading, geothermal sources, local materials, and their impact on carbon emissions. This review aims to contribute to environmentally responsible and socially resilient healthcare infrastructure and provide insights for future challenges in creating energy-efficient healthcare buildings.</p